The world number eight was scheduled to play Dudi Sela of Israel, ranked 91st, in his first-round match at the $442,500 hardcourt event.
American Roddick, 28, beat Canada's Milos Raonic 7-6 6-7 7-5 in the final of the Memphis Championships Sunday.
No reason was given for Roddick's withdrawal from the Delray Beach tournament.
(Writing by Steve Ginsburg in Washington; Editing by Ed Osmond)
