Multivitamins don't cut cardiovascular disease risk in men, study finds

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Taking a daily multivitamin does not reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease for older men, according to a study presented on Monday.

About half of U.S. adults take at least one daily dietary supplement, the most popular being a multivitamin, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

The U.S. Physicians Health Study II monitored nearly 15,000 male doctors aged 50 and older for more than 10 years. Participants were randomly assigned to take a multivitamin or a placebo.

"We found that after more than a decade, there is neither benefit nor risk," in terms of cardiovascular disease, said Dr. Howard Sesso, study author and associate epidemiologist at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston.

Researchers reported last month that the same trial showed that a daily multivitamin reduced the men's overall risk of cancer by 8 percent.

"We still feel very comfortable with the conclusions for the cancer findings," Dr. Sesso said. "The lack of effect for cardiovascular disease versus cancer benefit isn't necessarily inconsistent. There could be a difference in mechanism of effect."

The findings were presented on Monday in Los Angeles at a meeting of the American Heart Association and published in the Journal of the American Medical Association.

"It is hard for us to recommend, at this point in time, taking a multivitamin to avoid cardiovascular disease," Dr. Sesso said, noting that patients need to discuss all over-the-counter medicines with their doctors.

He said patients often view multivitamins as a "quick fix," which can lead them to let up on other efforts to improve their health.

"The danger of taking multivitamins is that it will lead you to think you can forgo other lifestyle changes," such as not smoking and maintaining a healthy diet, said Dr. Dariush Mozaffarian, associate professor in the department of epidemiology at Harvard School of Public Health.

The research was funded by the National Institutes of Health and with a grant from BASF Corp. The multivitamins and packaging were provided by BASF, Pfizer Inc and DSM Nutrition Products.

"Many patients think that because they are getting an OTC (over-the-counter) medication it is safe and the risk of complications is low," said Dr. Elliott Antman, chairman of the AHA Scientific Sessions Committee and professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School. "That appears to be right, but we still need to remind them of the need for lifestyle changes."